| INTRODUCTION |
| The Coral Sea
is located beyond the Great Barrier Reef, to the
north east of the Capricorn Channel (see
map). Although there are occasional
research visits to document seabirds nesting,
these are mostly in winter when most birds breed
but sea conditions are generally very poor. The
islands and their surrounding waters remain
remote, inaccessible and poorly known. This
expedition was planned in the calmest annual
weather period and aimed to record pelagic
wildlife in between the islands, though
opportunity was taken to incidentally observe and
record wildlife on islands as these were visited
for nightly anchorage. This website presents
initial results by way of distribution maps,
observations and photographs. The most significant
findings include a small breeding population of
Fairy Terns, the first breeding record of this
species in northern Australia, most likely being
the New Caledonian subspecies Sterna nereis
exsul (see images).
Also discovered were very high densities of Tahiti
Petrel in the Capricorn Channel as well as Bulwer's
Petrel, which have only previously been
recorded as a single beach-washed specimen in
Queensland. Regular sightings of pairs of adult;
and juvenile White-tailed
Tropicbirds may also indicate an unknown local
breeding population on the islands of the outer
Great Barrier Reef or the inner Coral
Sea. Overall densities of birds in pelagic
areas of the Coral Sea Island Territory were high,
especially in the vicinity of breeding colonies.
The distribution of seabird biomass per hour of
observation (here) shows
the highest concentrations in the Coral Sea near
Diamond Islet and Magdelaine Cay. Another area of
high biomass was just outside the reef on the 12th
December where we coincided with a large flock of
birds including Tahiti and Bulwer's Petrels.
Otherwise, bird densities inside the Great Barrier
Reef and across the Capricorn Channel were
observed to be relatively low.
|
| Observers:
Simon Mustoe, David
Donnelly, Nathan Waugh, Matt Edmunds, Paul Walbridge,
Frank O'Connor, Andrew McCutcheon, Chris Seers, Ian
Montgomery, Bill Moorhead, Kathleen Wilson, Chris
Morris, Chris Brandis, Mike Carter, Jean Froelich, Grant
Penrhyn, Jason Edwards. Crew: Chris, Dan,
Adam and Luke.
|
|
| DAY 1
- 11 December 2006 Departed Mackay
13:00 heading into a fresh ESE 15 knot wind. Forecasts
prohibited crossing the Capricon channel. Maide anchor at 16:00
at Scawfell Island. Continued north on falling sea at midnight
towards Magdelaine Cay. Very little wildlife all day. A few common
terns, crested terns and a lot of mackerel tuna. A
couple of turtles (prob. green) and beach stone curlews on
Scawfell Island, along with evidence of turtle nesting.
 |
 |
 |
| Andrew McCutcheon:
(Unid. fly) |
Chris Seers: Beach Stone
Curlew |
David Donnelly: Scawfell
Island |
|
DAY
2 - 12 December 2006
Departed
Scawfell Island just before midnight and headed north east . Dawn
in the Hydrographers Channel with fresh (c. 20 knot) winds
abating throughout the day. Brief views of a Stoke's Sea
Snake and another unidentified in shallow Barrier Reef
waters. Exited into a 2m sea and continued north towards East
Diamond Islet reaching deep water after lunch. Good views of a
pod of about 20 Short-finned Pilot Whales followed by
numerous seabirds including a few Bulwer's Petrels (only
once previously recorded off Queensland), Tahiti Petrels,
Lesser Frigatebirds and a lone Australasian Gannet. Of
note, we recorded nine White-tailed Tropicbirds, mainly
in pairs, indicating a possible local breeding population,
though none are known.
DAY 3 - 13 December 2006 Arrived
East Diamond Islet at 08:00 and made anchor. A morning island
visit was done to estimate numbers of breeding birds, including
very large numbers of Red-footed Boobies and Lesser
Frigatebirds but also Black and Common Noddies,
Masked and Brown Boobies, Black-naped Terns,
Sooty Terns, Wedge-tailed Shearwaters, several Red-tailed
Tropicbirds and a few Great
Frigatebirds. During the day, Fairy
Terns were found with young . There were three birds, including a juvenile.
This is
a very significant sighting as it represents the first breeding
record of the species for the region and potentially the New
Caledonian exsul subspecies. In the evening, a brief
visit was done after dark to count nesting turtles. Before we
had left the vessel about a kilometre offshore, two nestlings
were scooped from the sea and two others were found in the sand
on the island. A total of 18 nesting turtles were counted on
East Diamond Islet.
 |
 |
 |
| Andrew McCutcheon: Red-tailed
Tropicbirds |
Bill Moorhead: East
Diamond Islet |
Fairy Terns (various
photographers) |
 |
 |
 |
| Chris Seers: East Diamond
Islet |
Andrew McCutcheon: Red-footed
Booby |
Paul Walbridge: Greater
(top) and
Lesser Frigatebird |
 |
 |
 |
| David Donnelly: Green Turtle
Hatchling |
Paul
Walbridge: Black-naped Tern |
Chris Seers: Nesting Green Turtle |
 |
 |
 |
| Paul
Walbridge: Masked Boobies |
Bill Moorhead:
Common (fgd) and Black Noddy (bgd) |
Bill Moorhead:
Brown Booby |
|
DAY 4 - 14 December 2006 Cruised
from just before dawn, arriving at Magdelaine Cay at 13:30, a
small island with no vegetation. The Cay was covered with
evidence of Green Turtles nesting. By late afternoon when
we were leaving the island, individuals had begun to come ashore
to lay eggs. There were relatively few birds on the island
except for two Wandering Tattlers, an Eastern Reef
Egret. There were also Crested Terns all in
breeding plumage. There were also Tawny Nurse Sharks in
the shallows. The reef was in very good condition with fantastic
diving and snorkelling. A few Grey Reef Sharks, White-tipped
Reef Sharks and a Hammerhead Shark were seen by
snorkellers.
 |
 |
 |
| Nathan Waugh: Green Turtle |
Andrew McCutcheon: Crab |
Paul
Walbridge: Wandering Tattler |
 |
 |
 |
| David
Donnelly: Diving at the drop-off |
David
Donnelly: Corals |
David
Donnelly: Corals and sponges |
|
DAY 5 - 15 December 2006 Cruised
between Magdelaine Cay and Willis Island, departing after a dawn
snorkel and dive. The reef-edge at Magdelaine Cay was ringed with a huge several
hundred metre drop-off. Relatively high densities of seabirds
were seen on the crossing to Willis Island, comprising species
breeding commonly on the surrounding islands: Wedge-tailed
Shearwaters, Red-Footed and Brown Boobies, Black
and Common Noddies, Sooty Terns. Visited Willis
Island to meet the four permanently resident meteorologists.
There was an abundance of common breeding seabirds on the island
except there were no frigatebirds
 |
 |
 |
| Paul Walbridge: Buff-banded
Rail |
Grant Penrhyn: Kathy and
Sooty Terns |
Ian
Montgomery: juv Red-footed Booby |
 |
 |
 |
| Andrew
McCutcheon: Willis Island Met. Station |
Bill
Moorhead: Juv Red-footed & Brown Booby |
Andrew
McCutcheon: Sooty Terns |
|
DAY 6 - 16 December 2006 Severe
weather was forecast in three days so the decision was made to
leave Willis Island on the evening of the 15th and travel
overnight to South Flinders Reef. At dawn we were just past
Herald Cay and arrived at Flinders Reef at 14:00. Only common
pelagic bird species were seen but this included the largest
number of Wedge-tailed Shearwaters recorded on the trip.
A total of 162 were seen in the morning alone, which was almost
as many as seen in the rest of the trip. There were also large
numbers of Black Noddy and Red-footed Boobies. South
Flinders Reef itself contains only a small sand cay.
Consequently, there were very few seabirds. Snorkelling and
diving however were very productive. Highlights included feeding
White-tipped and Grey Reef Sharks, Tuna and a Hawksbill
Turtle.
 |
 |
 |
| Ian
Montgomery: Wedge-tailed Shearwater |
Grant Penrhyn: Flying Fish |
Simon Mustoe: White-tipped
Reef Shark |
 |
 |
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| David
Donnelly: Japanese Bream |
David
Donnelly: Grey Reef Shark |
David
Donnelly: Clownfish |
|
DAY 7 - 17 December 2006 Final
day in the Coral Sea. Departed Flinders Reef at dawn and headed
across the Capricorn Channel. The day began slow with very few
sightings in the first hour, until we reached a water depth of
about 1000m. The rest of the crossing was dominated by Tahiti
Petrels (c. 50 individuals) and Bulwer's Petrels. A
few White-tailed Tropicbirds were seen, lending further
support to the view that they may breed in the area. At least
one individual was immature. Note, a heavily-marked juvenile was
seen inside the outer Great Barrier Reef on the 18th. Before
evening, in the vicinity of Dingo Reef, an Indo-pacific
Humpback Dolphin, several Bottlenose Dolphin
(offshore types) and a mother and calf Bryde's Whale were
seen, as well as two Devil Rays.
 |
 |
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| Paul
Walbridge: Tahiti Petrel |
Ian
Montgomery: Tahiti Petrel |
Ian
Montgomery: Wilson's Storm Petrel |
 |
 |
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| Grant
Penrhyn: Bulwer's Petrel |
Grant
Penrhyn: Bulwer's Petrel |
Grant
Penrhyn: Bulwer's Petrel |
 |
 |
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| Bill
Moorhead: Devil Ray |
Paul
Walbridge: Mike Carter at the Big Eyes |
Bill
Moorhead: Bryde's Whale |
 |
 |
 |
| Bill
Moorhead: Bryde's Whale |
Chris
Seers: Bottlenose Dolphin |
Bill
Moorhead: Bottlenose Dolphin |
|
DAY 8 - 18 December 2006 Weather
began calm and on leaving Dingo Reef at dawn, eight Spinner
Dolphins came into bow ride. Each animal was no more than
1.5m in length. A sighting of Bottlenose Dolphins and a
heavily marked juvenile-plumaged White-tailed Tropicbird
was followed by a brief view of a Bryde's Whale. Numerous
Roseate Terns were also seen. By about 10am, the seas had
risen to more than 2m, with a strong SE wind and observations ceased as we
headed toward shelter at the Whitsunday Islands.
|
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|
David
Donnelly: heading towards Mackay |
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